Of water. The Titan uses a unique spectral profile between 1100nm and 1800nm. This unusual light source outputs from 30 J cm2 to 65 J cm2, based on the area being treated, resulting in heating at depths from 1-3mm. The epidermal temperature is kept at a safe level of below 40C by precise pre-, during, and post-cooling of the epidermis by a clear sapphire tip. The chart above indicates that the Titan's wavelength range is moderately absorbed by water. Wavelengths shorter than 1100nm are weakly absorbed by water and are associated with weak dermal heating. At approximately 1400nm1500nm strong water absorption is associated with significant heating of the upper papillary dermis. Presently, the exact energy distribution across this 11001800nm spectra is a closely guarded secret and is based on both analytical and empirical data. This tailored spectrum forms the core of a patent submitted by Cutera. I would suspect that a majority of the Titan's energy is around 1175-1300nm. I also suspect that this spectrum, along with its pre- and post-cooling times, can be altered to create the "dual.
Conclusions are highly positive. Analyzing the concentration and times curves, saliva was more useful than plasma when the binding of the drugs with plasmatic proteins were in discussion, mainly in treatments with two or more drugs, being the saliva profile of the curve modified, but not the steady state value, as can it happen with plasma levels important in therapy decisions ; . Simultaneous record of clinical events and drug concentrations along the day allow better drug adjustments, in order to avoid seizures and untoward effects. CONCLUSIONS: Saliva time curves provide a cheap, simple and useful tool in the treatment of epileptic patients considered of difficult control. Besides it opens an interesting line in pharmacokinetic research, for instance, ofloxacin indication.
Ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States and the most common cause of neurologic disability in adults. Approximately 85 percent of strokes are ischemic in nature. I.Clinical evaluation of the stroke patient A.A rapid evaluation should determine the time when symptoms started. Other diseases that may mimic a stroke, such as seizure disorders, metabolic abnormali ties, hypoglycemia, complex migraine, dysrhythmia or syncope, infection, should be excluded. B.Markers of vascular disease such as diabetes, angina pectoris and intermittent claudication, are suggestive of ischemic stroke. A history of atrial fibrilla tion or MI suggests a cardiac embolic stroke. C.The most difficult cases involve patients with focal signs and altered level of consciousness. It is important to ask whether the patient takes insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents, has a history of a seizure disor der or drug overdose or abuse, medications on admis sion, or recent trauma.
Refused to participate in the study standard drug treatment with limited case management ; . Data from this study suggested that criminal justice-referred clients were less likely to participate in the study and were less likely to be retained in treatment than were those not referred from criminal justice.9 It should be noted that this study also lacked comprehensive diagnostic assessment batteries as well as objective indicators of substance use throughout treatment and follow-up. Moreover, there were variations in level and type of drug treatment that were not specifically addressed in the study e.g., duration of treatment or use of evidence-based treatments within residential and outpatient facilities ; which may have limited the generalizability of the findings. In another study in which differences in substance abuse treatment outcomes were assessed between clients with and without active criminal justice involvement, Kaskutas and colleagues10 studied a community sample of 271 adults 179 men ; who were alcohol and or drug dependent and randomized to either a medical day treatment program or a nonmedical, community-based treatment program. The findings of this study suggest that clients with criminal justice involvement had poorer substance abuse treatment outcomes than those not involved in the criminal justice system. For example, only 40 percent of the clients with criminal justice involvement were alcohol free at follow-up compared with 53 percent of the non-criminal justice clients in day hospitals and 60 percent of the non-criminal justice clients in community-based programs. Another type of research with the criminal justice population, but still within the program evaluation domain, involves assessing very large sample sizes from national treatment surveys. Data from this type of study have suggested that retention and substance use outcomes may in fact be more favorable for individuals referred by the legal system compared with voluntary clients. For example, Hiller and colleagues11 examined the association between legal pressure and treatment retention in a national sample of 2, 605 clients admitted to 18 long-term residential facilities that participated in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Study DATOS ; . The results suggested that substance-abusing individuals in treatment with a moderate to high level of legal pressure remained in treatment significantly longer than those with little or no legal pressure. Furthermore, longer stays in treatment have been found to be as, because about ofloxacin.
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Pylori resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole should be determined each time prior to treatment. Resistance to tetracycline is absent in most countries and for this reason the drug should be prescribed more often. It is also reasonable to consider other, less frequently used antibiotics with preserved susceptibility. Recently, high efficacy of rifabutine, spiramycine, furazolidone and new quinolones: levofloxacine and moxifloxacine has been reported 36 - 39 ; . Further multi-center randomized clinical studies are needed to provide evidence that eradication with a different antibiotic is warranted. The limitations of the recommended eradication scheme should prompt a search for new modalities in the treatment of H. pylori infections with probiotics appearing to be most promising. Supplementation with probiotics: 1. reduces diarrhea 2. prevents selection of resistant strains i.e. Clostridium or superinfection with yeast-like fungi i.e. Candida 3. assures patient compliance and adherence to the prescribed regimen 4. may improve eradication efficacy via direct antagonistic action of the rate and intensity of side effects, especially post-antibiotic.
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Correspondance Dr Marie-Lise Jaffrain-Rea Department of Experimental Medicine -University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio, Coppito 2 - 67100 L'Aquila - Italy Tel: + 39-0862-433580 Fax: + 39-0862-433523 E-mail: jaffrain.ml libero.it and felodipine.
Date: Medical Information Requested Medication: Dosing Regimen: Quantity: Duration of Therapy: Diagnosis Pertaining to Requested Medication: Reason for Exception Request: * Alternative Medications Tried and Reason s ; for Failure: * * Not required for formulary antidepressants used to treat behavioral health disorders. Patient Information Type of Insurance: Healthcare Group University Family Care AHCCCS Maricopa Health Plan Member Name: Insurance ID#: Cannot process without Ins. ID# ; Date of Birth: Rate Code: Effective Date: UMC Medical Record #: Phone.
| Ornidazole ofloxacinDeveloped: 02 10 1993 revised: 12 22 2004 the information contained in the thomson healthcare micromedex ; products as delivered by drugs is intended as an educational aid only and fenofibrate, for example, ofloxacin pharmacokinetics.
NOTE: Requirements for charbroilers and pit barbecues do not apply to the following equipment: - charbroilers or pit barbecues with a total cooking are of 5 ft2 0.46 m2 ; or less - charbroilers or pit barbecues with a total cooking area of 5 ft2 0.46 m2 ; or greater meeting the one of the following criteria: - operates at one location less than 15 days in any 365-day period - operates at one location 2 days or less in any 7-day period. ; Verify that charbroilers and pit barbecues constructed after 17 December 1974, located within 300 ft of the property line of any habitable dwelling, does not discharge emissions of greater than 10 percent opacity. Verify that charbroilers and pit barbecues meeting one of the following criteria do not discharge emissions of greater than 30 percent opacity: - constructed before 17 December 1974 - located more than 300 ft from any habitable dwelling.
12 some people, especially those with serious coronary disease, require this degree of ldl-c reduction, but most people with elevated cholesterol require only 20%-30% reductions - and therefore much less medication and tricor.
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In three distinct markets: chemicals, renewable ingredients green chemicals ; and generics. Partners include DuPont DD, Wilmington, Del. ; , animal agriculture company Novus International Inc. St. Louis, Mo. ; and generics companies Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. TEVA, Jerusalem, Israel ; , Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. NSE: RANBAXY, New Dehli, India ; and Biocon Ltd. NSE: BIOCON; BSE: BIOCON, Bangalore, India ; . TATE, which started out as a sugar company before branching into value-added renewable ingredients, had sales of 3.7 billion $6.9 billion ; for its fiscal year ended March 2006. Its value-added products range from Splenda no-calorie sugar substitute to a next-generation fabric made from corn called Serona, which is currently in development. "Broadly speaking, renewable ingredients are used in manufacturing processes that replace petrochemically derived manufacturing processes, " Hecht said. "Essentially, you're getting your carbon from grain processing" instead of oil or coal. According to Hecht, the TATE deal is transformative for Precision Engineering because it is a product development partnership. And while the numbers may sound small compared to drug deals -- $7 million in equity and $13.7 million in committed R&D funding for multiple products over five years -- it's a far cry from a typical fee-for-service deal, as the partners have agreed to share profits from marketed products. Also, much like a drug deal, it is bringing Microbia's products to the table. "There have been some big deals in biomanufacturing, but they tend to be deals where the biotech is bringing an early stage technology, and the bigger partner explores it, " said Hecht. "In this case, we're working on three undisclosed products from the outset. One is a product introduced by Microbia." According to Hecht, the path to market is short. "I can't say when, but we're quite encouraged by the short time to market for these value-added renewable ingredients, " he said. Moreover, "they are each potentially multi-hundred million dollar per.
Other medical therapies, or for whom these therapies are not appropriate. Tipranavir and its salts is a protease inhibitor used to treat the human immunodeficiency virus HIV ; which causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS ; . The degree of regulatory control afforded by Schedule F prescription drug ; status coincides with the risk factors associated with each medicinal ingredient. Oversight by a practitioner is necessary to ensure that adequate risk benefit information is available before the drug containing the medicinal ingredient is administered and that the drug therapy is properly monitored. Schedule F is a list of medicinal ingredients, the sale of which is controlled under sections C.01.041 to C.01.049 of the Food and Drug Regulations. Part I of Schedule F lists ingredients that require a prescription for human use and for veterinary use. Part II of Schedule F lists ingredients that require a prescription for human use, but do not require a prescription for veterinary use if so labelled or if in form unsuitable for human use. Aug 14, 2006 and
flavoxate.
The 11 clinical failures that required retreatment, 5 of 10 episodes evaluated with repeated urinalysis were associated with persistent pyuria and 3 of 8 episodes evaluated with repeated urine culture were associated with persistence of at least 102 CFU of the original uropathogen per mL. Of interest, in all women with probable UTIs n 15 ; or with no pyuria or bacteriuria n 9 ; , symptoms resolved without further therapy Figure 2 ; . Microbiological cure at day 10 was seen in 126 of 131 96% [CI, 93% to 99%] ; episodes. Continued microbiological cure was demonstrated in 81 98% [CI, 94% to 100%] ; of the 83 episodes evaluated at the 30-day follow-up visit. Nineteen women reported deviations from the selftreatment protocol, including loss of the study drug n 9 ; , use of the study drug for a UTI without collecting a pretherapy urine sample n 6 ; , improper completion of the antimicrobial regimen n 2 ; , and use of study medications for a nonstudy indication n 2 ; . Twelve of these 19 women had 16 culture-confirmed self-treatment episodes during the study period. All of these episodes 100% ; resulted in clinical and microbiological cure, compared with 91% and 96%, respectively, of the culture-confirmed episodes in women who did not report self-treatment protocol deviations P 0.2 for comparison of clinical and microbiological cure rates, respectively ; . No serious adverse events were related to the study medication or to the treatment protocol. Eleven of the 172 women 6% [CI, 5% to 11%] ; required antimicrobial prophylaxis. Eighteen of the 88 women who initiated self-therapy 20% [CI, 13% to 30%] ; reported minor side effects that did not require discontinuing use of the study drug. One woman discontinued study participation because of palpitations. Pyelonephritis occurred in one woman who waited 9 days before self-treating UTI symptoms because she was away from her study medication; she was successfully treated as an outpatient with a 14-day course of oral ofloxacin.
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Osteoporosis program TheOfficeofWomen'sHealthis primarily a policy office, but it does have overall responsibility for the Department's Osteoporosis Program. In RhodeIsland, theprevalenceofosteoporosis and low bone mass for those over50yearsofageis129, 100women and53, 500men.7 The Osteoporosis Program Manager works closely with and staffs the RI Osteoporosis Coalition. The DepartmentofHealthandtheCoalition inRhodeIsland.Collaborativelythey implementpublicawarenesscampaigns with their doctor about this disease. Campaigns include osteoporosis educationclasses, bonedensityscreenings, Agoaloftheprogramistoreduce the number of undiagnosed cases of osteoporosis and increase treatment. Professional education efforts include articles about osteoporosis in Medi cine & Health Rhode Islandandgrand roundsatlocalhospitals.OnOctober 1, 2005, MarriottHotelinProvidence. The Osteoporosis Program and
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Jackson. It was suggested that the Network supply the initial 30 days ART supply while missing lab results are gathered. Yocasta Juliao requested Javier Romero explain to the Subcommittee the requirements for accessing Procrit and Neupogen under ADAP and Medicaid programs at the next meeting. ADAP reported above. ; VII. Announcements, for example, ofloxacin eye drops.
Once your healthcare provider decides on that dosage, you will probably need protime tests less often and
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Another cost containment approach, which Medicare will implement mid-year 2006, is the CAP. This is similar to programs in the private sector in which payor-contracted specialty pharmacies drop-ship drug products to payor-contracted physician offices for patient administration and then direct-bill the payor. How will private payors respond to Medicare implementation of product cost management policies and or specialty pharmacy programs for the LHRH agonist class? There are several approaches that they may consider. The most promising private payor approaches to cost containment in this class may be to keep the LHRH agonist class in the medical benefit and either 1 ; apply a mandatory specialty pharmacy supply requirement with specialty pharmacy direct-billing to the payor, or 2 ; apply a MAC to the LHRH agonist class while maintaining the existing buyand-bill mechanism, because ofolxacin interaction.
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TABLE 2. Values of pharmacokinetic parameters for HSR-903, sparfloxacin, and levofloxacin in S. pneumoniae-infected micea and
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The present study describes the development and validation of simple, sensitive, accurate, precise and economical hptlc method for simultaneous determination of ofloxacin and ornidazole in tablet dosage form.
Both infusions were performed using a flow rate of 10 L per minute. The catheter used was a single end-port catheter with an outer diameter of 2.1 mm. Before the start of the infusion, diffusion-tensor MRI scans were performed. Scan parameters were: b 750, matrix size 128 slice thickness 3 mm. These scans were fed into a simulation program that computed the likely distribution of the contrast agent. During the infusion of Gadolinium DTPA, T1-weighted MRI scans were taken to show the actual distribution of the contrast agent in tissue. Such scans were performed at 12, 24, and 48 hours after the start of the first infusion. Postoperatively, diffusion-weighted MRI scans DWMRI ; were obtained to show the reaction of Taxol with tissue. T1 was compared with simulation results to assess accuracy of the simulation, and with DWMRI to assess predictiveness of a contrast agent infusion for subsequently infused fluid. Results: Shape and volume of distribution varied significantly from patient to patient. Simulation results for the contrast agent matched with T1-weighted images obtained during the infusion. DWMRI scans obtained postinfusion showed Taxol activity in the areas that were covered by the contrast agent. The Gadolinium DTPA and the Taxol infusions were well tolerated. Conclusions: Knowledge of drug disposition in the brain is indispensable to disentangle drug safety and efficacy from delivery techniques. Using a planning and monitoring procedure as proposed herein holds promise for improving clinical trials for drugs administered using CED, and for creating a clinically useful procedure advancing CED in practice. with gadolinium enhancement was the best for detecting tumor margins, assessing tumor size and vascularity. Ang1 tumors grew significantly faster and to an overall larger size, while Ang2 remained unchanged compared to controls. A striking finding was ventriculomegaly, seen early in all mice bearing Ang1 upregulated tumors, without any evidence of CSF obstruction. Micro-CT angiograms demonstrated highly vascularized tumors in the control group compared to the Ang2 upregulated tumors, where blood flow was minimal through the tumor. Conclusions: These experiments demonstrate the feasibility of obtaining repeat small-animal radiological images in intracranial tumor models in multiple mice, to evaluate the consequence of potential biological or therapeutic parameters, such as Angiopoietins. T1 with gadolinium provides the best images for tumor delineation. Additionally, we have for the first time demonstrated that Micro-CT angiography is a useful investigative tool to study the dynamic blood flow within tumors, which can be used in the future to complement and strengthen the present immunohistochemical data obtained on tumor vascularity and
fluvoxamine.
86 ; IN 2003 000391 15.12.2003 ; WO 2005 055986 2005 ; GESCHMACKSMASKIERTE PHARMAZEUTISCHE ZUSAMMENSETZUNG MIT EINEM PH-SENSITIVEN POLYMER TASTE MASKED PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING PH SENSITIVE POLYMER COMPOSITION PHARMACEUTIQUE AU GOUT MASQUE COMPORTANT UN POLYMERE SENSIBLE AU PH 71 ; COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL.
Tropenia and anemia, growth factor support should be considered. Because cytopenias are commonly encountered in accelerated and blast phases, it is generally recommended to continue therapy despite cytopenias in these disease settings. Common non-hematologic toxicities include nausea associated with imatinib, which can be alleviated if the drug is taken with a large glass of water and a full meal. Muscle cramps can be minimized with tonic water and supplemental calcium. Grade 2 or greater liver function test abnormalities are an indication for dose interruption, with possible resumption of a reduced dose when abnormalities improve to Grade 1 or better. Definition of Imatinib Resistance Primary hematologic resistance, defined as failure to obtain a complete hematologic response despite therapeutic doses of imatinib at least 300 mg daily ; , occurs in approximately 5% of cases. More commonly encountered approximately 15% of chronic phase cases ; is primary cytogenetic resistance, defined as failure to achieve either a major cytogenetic response less than 35% Ph-positive marrow metaphases ; after 6 months of therapy, or a complete cytogenetic response after 12 months of therapy. Secondary, or "acquired" hematologic and cytogenetic resistance refers to loss of a previously established response. After 42 months of follow-up, 16% of patients with "early" chronic phase disease duration not greater than 6 months ; developed secondary resistance or disease progression.2 With 48 months of follow-up the incidence of secondary resistance or progressive disease in chronic phase cases previously treated with interferon- was 26%; this rate was substantially higher in accelerated 73% ; and blast phases 95% ; of CML. Mechanisms of Imatinib Resistance While little is known about the molecular mechanisms responsible for the relatively rare cases of primary hematologic resistance to imatinib, the mechanisms of secondary resistance are largely understood and
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The Zydus Pharmaceuticals USA ; Inc. and Zydus Healthcare USA ; LLC teams.
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Quinolones Ciprofloxacin Gatifloxacin L3 L3 2.65.
10-50 H from inspiration to expinaof about 200 H in healthy subjects [6] ; . A.
Each 100 ml. to contain 9floxacin 200mg. 100 ml. bot Each vial to contain: Amoxycillin 1gm. & Clavulanic Acid 200mg. 1 Vial Each vial to contain: Cefpirom I gm. 1 vial.
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WATTS ET AL. 12Nickerson. S. C., W. E. Owens, and R. L. Boddie. 1994. Mastitis in dairy heifers: a historical review. J. Dairy Sci. 77 Suppl. I ; : 196. Abstr. ; 13 Nix, D. E. 1991. Drug-drug interactions with fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agents. Page 245 in Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents. 2nd ed. D. C.Hooper and J. S. Wolfson. ed. Am. Soc crobiol., Washington, DC. 14 Oliver, S. P., and B. A. Mitchell. 1983. lntramammary infections in primigravid heifers near parturition. J. Dairy Sci. 66: 1180. 15Owens. W. E., and J. L. Watts. 1988. Antimicrobial susceptibility and -lactamase testing staphylococci isolated from dairy herds. J. Dairy Sci. 71: 1934. 16Owens. W. E., J. L. Watts, B. B. Greene, and C. H. Ray. 1990. Minimum inhibitory concentrations and disk diffusion zone diameter for selected antibiotics against streptococci isolated from bovine intramammary infections. J. Dairy Sci. 73: 1225. 17 Pankey, J. W., P. A. Drechsler, and E. E. Wildman. 1991. Mastitis prevalence in primigravid heifers at parturition. J. Dairy Sci. 74: 1550. 18Rescott. J. F. and J. D. Baggot. 1988. Antimicrobial drugs that inhibit nucleic acid function. Page 207 in Antimicrobial Therapy in Veterinary Medicine. Blackwell Sci. Publ., Boston, MA. 19 PyarU, S., J. Hirvonen, and E. PyorJd1a. 1992. Efficacy of enrofloxacin in the treatment of bovine clinical m s i Page 391 in Proc. XVII World Buiatts atrics Congr. Frontier Publ., Stillwater, OK. 20 Shen, L. L. 1993. Quinolone-DNA interaction. Page 77 in Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents. 2nd ed. D. C. Hooper and J. S. Wolfson, d.Am. Soc. Microbiol., Washington, Dc. 21 Thomsbeny, C., J. K. Marler, J. L. Watts, and R. J. Yancey, Jr. 1993. Activity of pirlimycin against pathogens from cows with mastitis and recommendations for disk diffusion tests. Antimicrob. Agents Chernother. 37: 1122. 22 Trinidad, P., S. C. Nickerson, and T. K.Alley. 1990. Prevalence of i n infections and teat canal colonizations in unbred and primigravid dairy heifers. J. Dairy Sci. 73: 107. 23 Trinidad, P., S. C. Nickerson, and D. G.Luther. 1990. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of staphylococcal species isolated f o mammary glands of unbred and rm primigravid dairy heifers. J. Diy Sci. 73: 357. ar 24 Watts, J. L., and R. J. Yancey, Jr. 1994. Identification of veterinary pathogens by use of commercial identification systems and new trends in antimicrobial susceptibility testing of veterinary pathogens. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 7: 346. 25 Yao, J.D.C., and R. C. Moellering, Jr. 1991. Antibacterial agents. Page 1065 in Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 5th ed. A. Balows, W. J. Hausler, Jr., K. L. Hemann. H. D. Isenberg, and H. J. Shadomy, ed. Am. Soc. Microbiol., Washington, DC.
P166 DISTRIBUTION OF NEONATAL TSH IN A POPULATION WITH DECLINING MATERNAL URINARY IODINE EXCRETION Burns R. 1 ; , Mayne P.D. 2 ; , Smith D.F. 1 ; , Byrne E. 1 ; , Higgins M. 3 ; , Staines A.J. 1 ; , O'Herlihy C. 3 ; , Smyth P.P.A. 1 ; UCD Conway Institute 1 Children's University Hospital 2 National Maternity Hospital, Dublin 3 ; , Ireland The finding of more than 3% of blood TSH values 5.0mU l in screening for neonatal hypothyroidism is commonly used as an index of iodine deficiency. In a study on 42, 400 neonates screened in Ireland the proportion of TSH 5.0mU l remained relatively constant between 1999 and 2005 2.35-2.83% ; . However there was a consistent shift to the right towards higher TSH values ; in the frequency distribution of values recorded over this period p 0.001 ; . The large numbers of samples assessed allowed separation of values on the basis of season and demonstrated that this shift also applied to samples collected from neonates born in August compared to January with the distribution of the former being consistently higher Welch Two Sample t-test; p 0.001 ; . Studies on urinary iodine UI ; excretion over the period 1988-2006 supported the seasonal variation in TSH and identified a borderline iodine deficient population with relatively stable UI Summer Median ranging from 70-80 ug l; Winter 82-137ug l ; over the period 1988-2003. Since then a worrying decline in UI, most marked in the summer months, was observed with median UI of 61-83 ug l between 1988 and 1999; falling to 45 ug 2004 and to 42.5 ug l in 2005 with increased evidence of iodine deficiency particularly in the summer months in 2004 and 2005 where UI values 50ug l were 64.5 % and 73.9% respectively; winter equivalent 21.4-23.8%. The reason for the decline in UI may reflect changes in agricultural practices and or dietary preferences and it is surprising that neonatal TSH levels were not even higher suggesting the presence of a compensatory mechanism capable of maintaining thyroidal stores when iodine intake is low. The findings demonstrate the importance of utilising readily available neonatal TSH data to detect altered trends in maternal iodine nutrition. P167 HETEROGENEOUS POST-NATAL PRESENTATION OF IDIOPATHIC ISOLATED DEFECTS OF TSH SECRETION Bonomi M. 1 ; , de Filippis T. 1 ; , Lucchi S. 1 ; , Busnelli M. 1 ; , Maggi M. 2 ; , Pilotta A. 3 ; , Prandi E. 3 ; , Buzi F. 3 ; , Beck-Peccoz P. 4 ; , Persani L. 1 ; Dept of Medical Sciences, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS 1 Dept of Physiopathology, University of Florence 2 Growth and Development Unit, Children's Hospital, Brescia 3 Dept of Medical Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS 4 ; , Italy Central hypothyroidism CH ; may be the consequence of heterogeneous genetic alterations, all leading to impaired thyroid stimulation. Mutations of several pituitary transcription factors, as well as leptin receptor LeptinR ; are possible cause of syndromic CH combined with other pituitary hormones deficiencies. Conversely congenital isolated central hypothyroidism ICH ; may be the consequence of mutations of either TSHbeta or TRH receptor TRHR ; genes. Recognition of genetic defect underlying ICH is often difficult due to the low number of cases reported and the lack of clear-cut diagnostic criteria. Here, we report the cases of 2 men and 3 women, 3 sporadic and 1 familial case, with ICH associated with low normal TSH levels and low freeT4 levels. None of the patients had signs of neonatal hypothyroidism and were diagnosed in childhood or adulthood age range: 3-42 years ; . All of them, but one with a partial empty sella, had normal hypothalamus-pituitary region at MRI. Ultrasound showed thyroid hypoplasia in 2 and normal glands in the others. Thyroid autoantibodies were negative in all cases. Absent impaired TSH but normal PRL responses to TRH stimulation was registered in the 3 female patients. TSHbeta gene was normal in these cases. One man presenting with severe obesity 48% excess of the ideal weight ; and type 2 diabetes had normal TSH at baseline and a conserved response to TRH. In this case, any mutation was detected neither in TRH nor in LeptinR genes. The last case had low normal basal TSH and PRL 0.6 mU L and 3.0 ng ml ; with blunted responses to TRH. In this case, TSHbeta gene was normal and TRHR gene is presently under analysis. In conclusion, our data confirm the heterogeneous postnatal presentation of idiopathic ICH and suggest the possible involvement of presently unknown candidate genes and felodipine.
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